@article {734301,
	title = {Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {443},
	number = {7113},
	year = {2006},
	note = {<p>MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLANDNATURE PUBLISHING GROUPLONDONhttp://www.nature.comArticle</p>},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {818-822},
	abstract = {<p>The ancestors of fungi are believed to be simple aquatic forms with flagellated spores, similar to members of the extant phylum Chytridiomycota (chytrids). Current classifications assume that chytrids form an early-diverging clade within the kingdom Fungi and imply a single loss of the spore flagellum, leading to the diversification of terrestrial fungi. Here we develop phylogenetic hypotheses for Fungi using data from six gene regions and nearly 200 species. Our results indicate that there may have been at least four independent losses of the flagellum in the kingdom Fungi. These losses of swimming spores coincided with the evolution of new mechanisms of spore dispersal, such as aerial dispersal in mycelial groups and polar tube eversion in the microsporidia ( unicellular forms that lack mitochondria). The enigmatic microsporidia seem to be derived from an endoparasitic chytrid ancestor similar to Rozella allomycis, on the earliest diverging branch of the fungal phylogenetic tree.</p>},
	keywords = {multidisciplinary sciences},
	isbn = {0028-0836},
	author = {James, T. Y. and Kauff, F. and Schoch, C. L. and Matheny, P. B. and Hofstetter, V. and Cox, C. J. and Celio, G. and Gueidan, C. and Fraker, E. and Miadlikowska, J. and Lumbsch, H. T. and Rauhut, A. and Reeb, V. and Arnold, A. E. and Amtoft, A. and Stajich, J. E. and Hosaka, K. and Sung, G. H. and Johnson, D. and O{\textquoteright}Rourke, B. and Crockett, M. and Binder, M. and Curtis, J. M. and Slot, J. C. and Wang, Z. and Wilson, A. W. and Schussler, A. and Longcore, J. E. and O{\textquoteright}Donnell, K. and Mozley-Standridge, S. and Porter, D. and Letcher, P. M. and Powell, M. J. and Taylor, J. W. and White, M. M. and Griffith, G. W. and Davies, D. R. and Humber, R. A. and Morton, J. B. and Sugiyama, J. and Rossman, A. Y. and Rogers, J. D. and Pfister, D.H. and Hewitt, D. and Hansen, K. and Hambleton, S. and Shoemaker, R. A. and Kohlmeyer, J. and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B. and Spotts, R. A. and Serdani, M. and Crous, P. W. and Hughes, K. W. and Matsuura, K. and Langer, E. and Langer, G. and Untereiner, W. A. and Lucking, R. and Budel, B. and Geiser, D. M. and Aptroot, A. and Diederich, P. and Schmitt, I. and Schultz, M. and Yahr, R. and Hibbett, D. S. and Lutzoni, F. and Mclaughlin, D. J. and Spatafora, J. W. and Vilgalys, R.}
}
